Professor Dr. Ricardo Antonio Polanczyk

Description

DescriptionConcept of microbial control of pest arthropods and its importance: history, advantages and disadvantages of using microbial control; Microorganisms associated with pest arthropods: types of relationships, diseases, symptomatology and diagnosis; Types of physiopathology; defense mechanisms of pest arthropods against entomopathogens: tolerance, cellular defense, immunity, and resistance. Ecological bases and epizootiology applied to microbial control; biotic factors, climatic and non-climatic factors as determinants of an epizootic: enzootic; Methods used in microbial control; laboratory techniques (sterilization, culture media, isolation of entomopathogens, storage, examination and staining, quantification and inoculum, pathogenicity tests, bioassays; Probit analysis, pathogen improvement, maintenance of disease-free insects) and standardization of microbial insecticides. Microbial control agents: a- Fungi: production methods, commercial products, and use in pest control for the fungi Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana, Nomuraea rileyi, Lecanicillium spp., Hirsutella thompsoni, Aschersonia aleyrodis, Entomophthora spp., and others; b- Bacteria: mode of action, main toxins, serotyping, production methods, and use in pest control for the bacteria Bacillus spp., Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus spp., and Xaenorhabdus nematophilus; c – Viruses: structure, mode of action, persistence, commercial products, production, and use in pest control for viruses of the families Baculoviridae, Reoviridae, Poxyviridae, Iridiviridae, Parvoviridae, Picornaviridae, Rhabdoviridae; d – Protozoa: mode of action, main phyla (Microspora), orders and genera, biology and potential for pest control; Rickettsias and mycoplasmas: description, main species, damage caused, host range; e – Nematodes: biology and pathological effects on insects (Mermithidae, Rhabditidae, Heterorhabditidae, Tetradonematidae, Steinernematidae, and Neotylenchidae), methods of production and use in pest control; Safety in the use of entomopathogenic microorganisms, possible negative effects, registration tests; Interactions between entomopathogens, parasitoids, and predators, interactions between pathogens and parasitoids and pathogens and predators; Phytosanitary products and entomopathogens, effects of products on pathogens, and methods for their evaluation; Genetic engineering applied to microbial control, new technologies to increase genetic variability (including transgenic plants); Characterization of entomopathogens, fungi (RFLP and RAPD), characterization of bacteria, protozoa, and nematodes; Formulation of entomopathogens, factors to be considered, types of formulations, quality control; Entomopathogens and Integrated Pest Management.

References

• ALVES, S.B. Controle microbiano de insetos. 2.ed. Piracicaba; FEALQ, p. 1143-1163. 1998.
• ALVES, S.B., LOPES, R.B. Controle microbiano de Pragas na América Latina. 1.ed. Piracicaba: Fundação de Estudos Agrários Luiz de Queiroz- FEALQ, 2008. v.1, 414p.
• BOUCIAS, D.G., PENDLAND, J.C. Principles of insect pathology. Boston: Kluwe Academic Publisher, 2005. 572p.
• FUXA, J.R., TANADA, Y. Epizootiology of insect diseases. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 2001.
• GLARE, T.R., O CALLAGHAN, M. Bacillus thuringiensis: biology, ecology and safety.
• Chichester: John Wiley, 2000. 350p.
• JAMES, C. Situação global das lavouras GM comercializadas: 2009. ISAAA Brief No, 41, New York: ISAAA, 2009. 44p.
• LEITE, L.G., BATISTA FILHO, A., ALMEIDA, J.E.M., ALVES, S.B. Produção de fungos
• entomopatogênicos. 1. ed. Ribeirão Preto: Sene Pinto, 2003. v. 1. 92p.
• POLANCZYK, R.A., FRANCO, C.R., MONNERAT, R.G. Plantas geneticamente modificadas expressando toxinas de Bacillus thuriniensis. In: Polanczyk, R.A. et al. Estudos avançados em Produção Vegeal. Vitória: GM Gráfica e Editora, 2008, v. 2, p. 471-488.
• ROMEIS, J., SHELTON, A.M., KENNEDY, G. Integration of insect-resistant genetically
• modified crops within IPM programs. Springer, 444p. 2008.

Credits: 8 

Workload: 120h

Evaluation Criteria: Theoretical exams, reports, and research project with data analysis and preparation of a manuscript for submission to a specialized journal.